Analysis Of Phytochemical Constituents Of Syzygium Aromaticum Biology Essay

Analysis Of Phytochemical Constituents Of Syzygium Aromaticum Biology Essay Alternative method to drug discovery is likely through the medicinal plants and greater parts of the people have assurance in traditional medicine, particularly plant drugs for their initial healthcare. Recently, responsiveness has been paid in public to consume eco-friendly and bio-friendly plant-based products for the prevention and cure of distinctive human diseases. Several number of people looking for medicine and health approaches which excuse side effects caused by synthetic chemicals (Remington, 1995). Herbal drugs are having less considerable side effects than the other classes of synthetic drugs and most of the medicinal uses of plants seem to have been developed by trial and error and by interpretation of wild animals. Herbs had been utilized by all cultures all the way through history. Ancients observed and respected the great variety of plants available to him. The plants afford a number of basic essentials in human day to day life such as food, clothing, shelter and medicine etc, and as time went on, every tribe supplements the medicinal power of herbs in their area to its awareness base. It was a primary part of the development of modern civilization and In fact, well into the 20th century to a remarkable scope of the pharmacopoeia of scientific medicine was ensuring from the herbal knowledge of native peoples. They gathered information accurately on herbs and developed well described herbal pharmacopoeias. Pharmacopoeia includes at least 25% drugs ensuring from plants and r ests of other are synthetic analogues developed on model compounds isolated from plants. Today several drugs are commonly used basically derived from herbal origin. In fact, in the United States about 25% of the prescription drugs dispensed contain at least one active ingredient derived from plant material in which some are made from plant extracts and rest are synthesized to imitate a natural plant compound. At present there are a number of plant materials belong to different family have been used in the treatment of a variety of diseases like bacterial, fungal and dermatophytic infections (Rajshekharan, 2002). Herbal medicine is extensively practiced from ancient period all over the world. These medicines are safe as well as eco-friendly and bio-friendly. According to WHO, about 80% of the worlds population relies on traditional medicine for their primary health care and medicinal plant division has usually an important position in the religious, socio cultural and medicinal arena of rural and tribal lives of millions of rural households use medicinal plants in a self-help mode (Remington, 1995). The Greater part of the traditional plant based remedies is back in use and finds the right application. Direct sources of therapeutic agent A model for new synthetic compound A lead molecule for the discovery of new drug. PHYTOTHERAPY To outline the history of Phytotherapy is to outline the history of humanity itself. The discovery of medicinal properties of certified plants must have sprung from nature. Ancient peoples first use plants as food and, as results of this ingestion, the link with some plant property would have been learned. Medicinal plants were the main source of products used to maintained health until the nineteenth century, when the German chemist Freiedrich Wohler in 1828, try to prepare ammonium cynate from silver cyanide and ammonium chloride, by mistake synthesized urea. This was considered as the first organic synthesis in history and signed the era of the synthetic compounds (Ahmad, 2006). A multidisciplinary capillary science, research in the phytosciences is more or less unlimited, which composes it impossible to talk about all aspects of this up-and-coming science in just one chapter. Consequently, we have paying attention here chiefly on the antibacterial activity of bioactive phytocompounds, conversing their use against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and fungi, their mechanisms of action, and their interactions with macromolecules and possible for toxicity in mammalian cells. Technical features concerning the advancement of fast and consistent methods of extraction, high output screening systems, and bioautography of essential oils and crude extracts and divisions have also been discussed. Problems associated to the efficacy, stability, drug delivery systems and quality control are also analyzed (Ahmad, 2006). HISTORY OF PHYTOTHERAPY During the 100 years of Wohlers discovery Phytomedicine was forgotten by western science and in the early 1980s, though, there was a reappearance of attention in the use of natural substances commonly known today as bioactive phytocompounds. This interest can be simply understood in the light of questions relating to the safety, cytotoxicity, and side-effects of synthetic compounds, and the essential to find new medicines, comprising new antibiotics to supervise infectious diseases caused by multiresistant pathogens and substances to treat chronic diseases (Heinrich, 2004). Today, the use of medicinal plants and their bioactive phytocompounds and our scientific knowledge about them consist of the modern field of the phytosciences. This is a science fashioned from the combination of a range of disciplines that have never been linked before, combining several different areas of economic, social, and political fields, chemistry, biochemistry, physiology, microbiology, medicine, and agriculture (Schulz, 2004). The phytosciences are distinctive from the other biomedical sciences in that as a substitute of testing a hypothesis, researchers evaluate to find out whether plants generally used in traditional medicine bring benefits for health and, if so, what are their mechanisms of action. Although the common conviction that bioactive phytocompounds are safe, they have natural risks just like all active chemical compounds. Researchers within the phytosciences are working to illuminate the side-effects, calculate proper dosages, isolate the bioactive compounds, and define the superlative methods of extraction and conservation. As well these, legal aspects concerning the prescription and trade in medicinal plants are a matter of discuss all around the world (Heinrich, 2004). As a multidisciplinary science the research in this field is virtually unlimited, this makes it impractical to converse all the aspects of this promising science in just one chapter. So, this review discusses the antimicrobial activity of bioactive phytocompounds, particularly their use against multidrug-resistant bacteria and fungi, their mechanisms of action, and their interactions with macromolecules and potential toxicity for mammalian cells. It also discusses technical aspects concerning the development of fast and consistent methods of extraction, high output screening systems and bioautography of essential oils and crude extracts and fractions. Problems associated to efficacy, stability, drug delivery systems and quality control will also be discussed (Schulz, 2004). SCREENING OF CRUDE PLANT EXTRACTS: NEW CHALLENGES Medicinal plants have fashioned the establishment of health care all over the world as the early days of humanity and are yet now widely used and have considerable value in international trade. Recognition of their economic, pharmaceutical and clinical value is still rising, although this difference is comprehensively between countries. Plants are essential for pharmacological research and drug development, not only when bioactive phytocompounds are used promptly as therapeutic agents, but also as preliminary materials for the synthesis of drugs or as models for pharmacologically active compounds. Regulation of their misuse is therefore essential to ensure their availability for the future (Heinrich, 2004). Plant preparations have a very special characteristic that differentiates them from chemical drugs. A single plant may enclose a number of bioactive phytocompounds and a combination of plants even more .This difficulty is one of the major significant challenges to phytoscientists attempting to recognize a single bioactive phytocompounds or chemical group in the massive universe that encompass a single crude extract (Heinrich, 2004). Biotechnology in the 1970s and 1980s made incredible progress and accompanied in a new era for the pharmaceutical industry. Many enzymes and receptor proteins of therapeutic interest were made existing in great quantities by recombinant expression, although signal transduction pathways could be interrogated by reported gene carrying cellular constructs. Such mechanism-based invitro assays are agreeable to significant scales of operations, and the concept of high-throughput screening rapidly became the standard for lead discovery (Heinrich, 2004). PROCESS STANDARDIZATION OF BIOACTIVE PHYTOCOMPOUNDS HAVING ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY Different methods to drug discovery using higher plants can be discriminated: Random selection followed by chemical screening; random selection followed by one or more biological assays; biological activity reports and ethno medical use of plants. The second approach comprises of plants used in traditional medical systems; herbalism, folklore, and shamanism; and the use of databases. The purpose is the targeted isolation of bioactive phytocompounds and once an active extract has been identified, the first to be taken is the identification of the bioactive phytocompounds, and this can signify either a full identification of bioactive phytocompounds after purification or partial identification to the level of a family of known compounds (Schulz, 2004). For screening selection, plants are collected either randomly or by following leads supplied by local healers in geographical areas where the plants are found. Primary screening of plants for possible antimicrobial activity usually begins by using crude aqueous or alcoholic extractions followed by different organic extraction procedures. Plant material can be used fresh or dried and other signficant plant materials related to antimicrobial activity are the essential oils. Essential oils are complex natural mixtures of volatile secondary metabolites, isolated from plants by hydro or steam distillation and by expression (citrus peel oils). The chief constituents of essential oils (mono and sesquiterpenes), along with a carbohydrates, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, and ketones, are responsible for the fragrant and biological properties of aromatic and medicinal plants (Schulz, 2004). Due to these properties, since ancient times species and herbs have been added to food, not only as flavoring agents but also as preservatives. For centuries essential oils have been isolated from different parts of plants and are also used for related purposes (Blumenthal, 2000). The activities of essential oils cover a broad spectrum and various essential oils produce pharmacological effects, representing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancerogenic properties. Others are biocides against a broad range of organisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, insects, plants and viruses (Heinrich, 2004). Therefore medicinal plants have been used for centuries as therapy for human diseases because they contain therapeutic value components. Recently, the acceptance of traditional medicine as an alternative form of health care and advancement of microbial resistance to existing antibiotics has lead authors to investigate the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants. Moreover, the increasing use of plant extract in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries recommend that, in order to find active compounds a systematic activity of medicinal plants is significant (Heinrich, 2004). SCOPE The scope of this Research is based on the fact that Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is available easily in anywhere and is cultivated largely. Based on the literature survey as it is showing so many bioactive components and is of medicinal value without side effects, I have selected Clove for my Research work. Clove buds selection Extraction by using Soxhlet Antimicrobial Screening MIC Chemical analysis presence or absence of phytoconstituents Chromatography techniques (GC) Compound Identification. OBJECTIVES To Extract Clove buds (Syzygium aromaticum) using organic solvents. To study the Antimicrobial activity of the extracted solution. To study the chemical analysis of the extracted solution. To identify the components within the extracted solution using Gas Chromatography. REVIEW OF LITERATURE PLANT HISTORY The Clove, a Malucca Islands native, is one of the oldest fruits known to man. The word Clove gets its name from the Latin word nail clavus, as the buds looks like small irregular nails in shape and the word made its way to English via Old French clou. Originally thought to be native to China, Cloves were actually brought to China about 266 B.C. and was one of the first spices to be traded by Arab traders transported to the Romans (Evans, 1996). Taxonomical Classification: Kingdom : plantae-plants Subkingdom : tracheobionata-vascular plants Super division : spermatophyta-seed plants Division : magnoliophyta-flowering plants Class : Magnoliopsida-dicotyledons Sub class : Rosidae Order : Myrtales Family : Myrtaceae-Myrtle family Genus : Syzygium P. Br. Ex Gaertn.-syzygium Species : Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. L.M. Perry clove (Cronquist, 1981). PLANT DESCRIPTION Syzygium aromaticum Linn. Is considered as the Golden current. VERNACULAR NAMES French Clou de girofle Indonesia Cengkeh The Philippines Klabong pako Dutch Kruidnagel German Nelke India Lavang China Ding xiang, etc (Kokate, 2007). BIOLOGICAL SOURCE Cloves are the aromatic dried flower buds of a plant Syzygium aromaticum belonging to family Myrtaceae (Gokhale, 2008). ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION The Clove plant is native from Malucca Islands by itself Bachian, Mutir, Makyan, Ternate and Tidore, where natural clove trees can be found. The Clove buds are said to be one of the oldest fruits known to man and has been cultivated since ancient times. The buds was used in many ways as it is today and was one of the first spices to be traded by Arab traders transported to the Romans. Cloves were actually brought to China about 266 B.C. It has been widely cultivated throughout the Indonesia, Madagascar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India, and Zanzibar and china (Claus, 1965). CULTIVATION Climate and soil Clove is a tropical plant which requires warm humid climate, rich loamy soil and Annual rainfall of about 150-30mm and Altitude-1500m above the sea level. Cool climate with good rainfall is ideal for flowering. And also requires good drainage because crop cant withstand water logging (Murty, and Subramanyam, 1989). Planting and material Seeds collected from fully ripe fruits and soaked in water overnight. Fully developed and uniform sized seeds are used for sowing and the pericarp is removed before sowing (Murty, and Subramanyam, 1989). Nursery rising Nursery beds to be prepared for sowing seeds of about 15-20cm height, 1mt width and convenient length. Made of loose soil-sand mixture over a layer of sand may be spread. Then seeds are sown at 2-3cm spacing and depth of 2cm and allowed for germination about 10-15 days, precaution to be taken for seed beds have to be protected from direct sunlight. The germinated seeds are then transplanted in polybags containing a mixture of soil, sand and decomposed cow dung and these are ready for transplanting after 18-24 months old (De Guzman and Simonsma, 1999). Preparation of land and planting The selection of area for plantations should clear of wild growth before monsoon. The pits of about 75cm 75cm 75cm are dug at a spacing of 6-7mts and are partially filled with compost, green leaf and mixed with top soil. Then followed by transplantation of seedlings in the main field during beginning of the rainy season (De Guzman and Simonsma, 1999). Manuring and fertilizer application Manuring is necessary for proper growth and flowering of the plant and can be done by applying cattle manure and bone meal for one plant in the initial years. This can be increased gradually. Dead and diseased shoots should be removed once or twice a year. Inorganic fertilizer is about 40gm urea, 110gm super phosphate and 80gm murate of potash of fertilizer dose can be usually recommended in the initial stage. This can be increased gradually (De Guzman and Simonsma, 1999). HARVESTING AND YIELD The flowering of the plant can be starts from the fourth year but full bearing stage is attained after 15 to 20 yrs. harvesting is done by the unopened buds when they are plump and rounded and carefully done without damaging the branches. The buds after separation are allowed to dry in the sun. The well dried buds are then processed for packaging (De Guzman and Simonsma, 1999).

The Use of Settings in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë Essay -- Charlott

The Use of Settings in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà « In this essay, I will be examining three different locations used in Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s novel ‘Jane Eyre’ and discussing their uses towards the story. The three settings I am to consider are the red-room at Gateshead Hall, Lowood Institution where Jane attends school, and Jane’s first sight at Thornfield Hall; the house in which she becomes employed as a Governess. The first setting I am going to discuss is the red-room at Gateshead Hall. Gateshead is the house in which Jane lives as a child after both her parents die. Jane is sent there to live with her Uncle and his family. Her Uncle dies shortly after her arrival and so she is left with her wicked Aunt Reed and her three cousins. Jane is sent to the red-room as a punishment, following an incident where John throws a book at her and she retaliates as he continues to physically bully her. The room itself is described: ‘Square chamber, very seldom slept in’ and this room happens to be ‘one of the largest and stateliest chambers in the mansion’ The room is non-surprisingly dominated with the colour red. The furniture is made from deep polished mahogany, the walls were a ‘soft fawn colour with a blush of pink in it’ and the curtains draped around the four-poster bed were red. We soon find out that this room was in fact the room where Uncle Reed had died. ‘It was in this chamber he had breathed his last; here he lay in state; hence his coffin was borne by the undertaker’s men; and, since that day, a sense of dreary consecration had guarded it from frequent intrusion’ Jane becomes extremely frightened by the whole sinister atmosphere of the room, and worsens her state of mind with the thoughts ... ...tory would be entirely different. They keep the reader interested, not only in the story, but also in Jane. The reader grows to love Jane as a strong and brave character and I enjoyed seeing how she managed to cope with such difficult situations. I thought it was interesting to find out that when Brontà « first published the book ‘Jane Eyre’, she was not permitted to publish under her female name. She had to create a male name for herself. I think it’s a shame that Brontà « was not given credit as the true author, but thankfully the system has changed now, although you may have noticed that the policy has not been completely abolished. Joanne Rowling, author of Harry Potter, had her name initialised to J.K Rowling, as not to deter male readers from reading it. All in all, I really enjoyed reading and analysing Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s infamous novel, ‘Jane Eyre’.

Languages in Cyberspace Essay

Governments have encourage industrial farming and non-organic meat production to improve the crop yield and revenues. However, studies have shown the side effects and health hazards of industrial farming and meat processing. A distinct cultivation of a health-conscious culture became apparent as time goes by which resulted to an increase in sales of organic vegetables and meat in the world. Hence, the sales and marketing of organic products is influenced by the culture or trend that exist in the market. Muslims are known for faithfully abiding with their religious beliefs and practices. When it comes in meat, Muslims only consume meat from slaughtered animals through the Halal way. Three times more blood is pumped out of Halal-slaughtered animals than those butchered in non-Halal way. Hence, lesser toxins are consumed by Muslims since most toxins are stored in the blood. With the introduction of organic aspect, an animal is not pumped with antibiotics and hormones or additives that would increase the toxicity its blood. Hence, Muslims are drawn to organic meat because of its inclination towards their religious belief in meat intake thereby creating an outward effect to the sales and marketing of organic meat. Language is a way of communication of thoughts, messages and feelings. In the global market, one barrier that must crossed by companies to reach out to their market is language. Without the right tools and strategies to cross this barrier, marketing a product will be difficult. A Firm must find a way to communicate and introduce a product in a language known by its market, otherwise, awareness and recognition of the product will not be achieved. This does not apply in the organic meat industry alone but to all industries and businesses. Marketing have evolved with technology through the years and e-commerce was introduced and adopted by most businesses. The worldwide web has a broader scope and the interaction with the customer is direct. In marketing organic meat products, e-commerce is the best way to reach out to its customers directly. It is also the cheapest way to market and promote a product. Longcloud should develop its website in languages other than English to cross the communication barrier that language created. If Longcloud develops a website with different languages, the scope of its accessibility and comprehension will be broader and more comprehensive. It will open the gates for the development of new markets in different countries. Moreover, with this strategic undertaking, the company will be globally competitive and accessible. The power of information technology can promote and increase the sales and distribution of organic meat worldwide. In choosing the languages to translate and include in the website, there are several aspects to consider and these are the opportunities, scope and target market definition. The company’s website must be available in Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), French and Spanish languages. Most Muslims speak Arabic and it was clearly identified that Muslims are one Longcloud’s target markets and about 150 million people speak this language. Chinese, specifically, Mandarin language should also be available to reach 1365 million people who have developed a fondness for organic meat products. Moreover, the growth of the organic meat industry in French-speaking countries like France, Canada, North Africa and Switzerland should also be considered. 23% of the current Internet users are from Europe which include some of these countries. Although only 2% can be accounted for the Spanish-speaking Internet users, a considerable target market was defined and identified in the Latin America. There several threats and disadvantages that must also be considered in making the website available in different languages like the uneven percentages of the target market with Internet access. However, with the growth of technology, many countries have relied in the use of Internet and it has become a household need. Moreover, although some people are accustomed to using English for conducting business, it must also be noted that, English literacy only accounts for about 50% share globally. Software complexities must also be considered, however, software upgrades and development are done continuously to address these problems.

Handel essays

Handel essays George Frideric Handel was born in Halle, Germany on February 23, 1685. Early in his life Handel began to study music. He started studying music in 1694 against his fathers wishes. From his very childhood Handel had discovered such a strong propensity to music, that his father, who always intended him for the study of Civil Law, had reason to be alarmed. Perceiving that this inclination still increased, he took every method to oppose it. He strictly forbad him to meddle with any musical instrument; nothing of that kind was suffered to remain in the house, nor was he ever permitted to go to any other, where such kind of furniture was in use. All this caution and art, instead of restraining, did but augment his passion. He had found means to get a little clavichord privately conveyd to a room at the top of the house (Mainwaring, 12-13). On one of Handels family visits to Saxe-Weissenfels court, where Handels half-brother Karl, who is 36 years older than him, held the position of Valet de chambre and his father the position of court surgeon, Handels organ playing attracted the attention of the duke, who urged Handels father to allow him to study music as well as law (Dean and Hicks, 1-2). Handel was then placed under the tuition of F.W. Zachow, an organist In 1706, Handel traveled to Italy where he met Arcangelo Corelli and Alessandro and Domenico Scarlatti who had influenced his music. The five years he spent in Italy he learned the Italian music styles concerto grosso, chamber cantata, and opera seria. His writing for strings undoubtedly benefited from his acquaintance with Corelli (Dean and Hicks, 12-13). From Italy, Handel then decided to visit England. He decided to settle in London where he had worked for most of his life, and never returned to Germany. In England is where he had his biggest challenge of getting the people intereste...

Please Let Your Interest Be Piqued

Please Let Your Interest Be Piqued Please Let Your Interest Be Piqued Please Let Your Interest Be Piqued By Maeve Maddox A reader received an email whose writer expressed this earnest wish: I hope this peeks your interest in advertising with us. This misspelling of pique is widespread: GNDs are here to connect you with things, we hope, will make you laugh. OR Peek your interest. ad for production company This book is fascinating and the author infuses the story with mystery and peaks your interest throughout. Amazon book review Now its time to choose what peeks your interest and develop your own personal spin on it. Thats the first step to being successful out here, so I hope you take this message seriously. tips for website development I hope the interview below peaks your interest.   blogger If you have never fished for a Peacock bass, we hope this peaks your interest enough to take your first venture fishing site Please look through these groups when you have a chance to see if there is something that peaks your interest. group networking site I hope my website peaks your interest, clears up any questions you have, and motivates you to become my patient. a dentists site I hope the following peeks your interest in continuing education. diving site Alright, lets face facts. Everybody loves a discount. It doesnt matter what product peeks your interest at a given moment, discount shopping is a favorite pass time of many. business site (Yep, this one is a veritable goldmine of misuse: Alright, doesnt, pass time) pique [pÄ“k] : verb To stimulate or provoke (a person) to action, esp. by arousing jealousy, etc.; to arouse (a feeling, esp. curiosity or interest). Its when pique is used in the sense of stimulating interest that it is most frequently misspelled as peek or peak. Other meanings of pique as a verb: pique: transitive verb. To wound the pride of, irritate, or offend; to make resentful. Ex. She deliberately tried to pique him by referring to his old girlfriend. pique: transitive verb used reflexively. To take pride in or congratulate oneself on. Ex. She piques herself on her good taste in home furnishings. As a noun pique can have these meanings: A quarrel or feeling of enmity between two or more people, countries, etc.; ill feeling, animosity. (A feeling of) anger, irritation, or resentment, resulting from a slight or injury, esp. to ones pride; offence taken. Now esp. in fit of pique. Ex. She quit the club in a fit of pique. Pique comes from the French verb piquer, to sting, to bite. Amateur book reviewers can probably continue misspelling pique with impunity. People trying to sell their services or a product, however, may want to learn to spell it correctly. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Program vs. ProgrammeHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and TricksWord Count and Book Length

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 20

International Business - Essay Example A political union will lead to loss of sovereignty reducing the control that the countries have over key policies. NAFTA has enabled a tremendous increase in trade between member countries to over 400%. Exports and investment flows have increased highly (Aguilar, 2012). NAFTA has helped to build stronger political bonds between the countries leading to improved foreign policy (Benka, 2014). These include the Organization of American States, Latin American Integration Association, Andean Community of Nations and the Rio Group in South America. In Asia Pacific they include Asia Pacific Economic Integration, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, South Asian Association of Regional Integration and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (Lo, 2015). Economic blocs could create trade barriers and increased tariffs against non-member countries. Integration leads to a shift in work force leading to reduced economic growth in the native country. Integration also leads to partial loss of political sovereignty to member states. Regional integration leads to reduced trade with countries outside the economic bloc while increasing trade with members of the integration. This could lead to higher costs of importing or exporting goods in trade between member countries and non-member states. Regional integration has the effect of reducing foreign investment in non-member countries. Integration leads to trade diversion caused by higher taxes and tariffs for non-member countries that will pursue trade outside the bloc (CAC, 2008). Preferential Trade which incorporates reduced customs duties among members as compared to non-members. A Free Trade Area which abolishes tariffs and quotas on trade among members but each member state retains control over their economic policy. A Customs Union incorporates free trade policies and a common customs tariff against non-members. Members have to pass common external tariff legislations. A Common Market permits free

Strategic Analysis of Hon Hai Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Analysis of Hon Hai - Case Study Example The study will also cover the merger and acquisition activities of the company along with the position of the company before and after the merger and acquisition activities. The report will also use key financial ratios to report on the financial performance of the company. While 'business strategy' represent the goal of the company to attain sustainable competitive advantage in one of the businesses of the company, 'corporate strategy' represents the objective of the company to manage multi-business activities to create corporate-wide advantage that will benefit each of the business the company owns and operates. The corporate strategy looks into the opportunities available to the company both internally and externally to enhance its competitive strengths and sustain its sales growth and profitability. A strategic analysis of any company thus includes assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the company on the basis of the internal environment as well as threats and opportunities that the company is subjected to because of its relative positioning in the market and the industry. The main objective of any strategic analysis is to identify the ways in which the existing resources can be shared between the multiple business activities and also identifyi ng new resources which will enhance the competitive strengths of the company. ... With this background this study intends to make a strategic analysis of the company Hon Hai (Foxconn) to report on the efforts of the company to enhance and sustain its competitive advantages. 1.1 Hon Hai (Foxconn) - An Overview Incorporated in the year 2004 the company is a group company of Foxconn Technology. Foxconn Group is the foremost provider of joint-design, joint-development, manufacturing, assembly and after-sales services to global Computer, Communication, and Consumer-electronics ("3C") leaders. Focusing on fields of nanotechnology, heat transfer, wireless connectivity, material sciences, and green manufacturing process, Foxconn's over 15,000 patents granted worldwide by 2005 made it a recognized leader of innovation and technical know-how in rankings such as MIT's patent scorecard. HonHai is mainly producing Hinge related products adopting an innovative technology. The production process is different from that of the traditional Hinge companies. By using the new technology the company has enhanced the production capacity to a great extent and has reduced the cost of production. The company has made a net operating income of $ 10.17 million representing 8 percent of the turnover, as of the end of the year 2006. The company is following a different production process than the competitors operating in the industry. The use of this modern technology has enhanced the production capacity of the capacity while lowering the cost of production. The company presently employs around 975 people. 1.2 Research Objectives The study will cover the following objectives among other things: (1) A detailed study of the advantages and disadvantages of merger and acquisition activities in general (2) A strategic analysis of the Company Hon Hai